Effects of Simulated Heat Wave on Oxidative Physiology and Immunity in Asian Yellow Pond Turtle (Mauremys mutica)

Global warming has led to an increase in the frequency, duration, and intensity of heat waves summer, which can cause frequent acute stress on ectotherms. Thus, determining how ectothermic animals respond been attracting growing interest among ecologists. However, physiological biochemical responses reptiles, especially aquatic are still poorly understood. The current study investigated oxidant physiology, immunity, expression levels shock proteins (HSP) mRNA after exposure a simulated wave (1 week, 35 ± 4°C), followed by recovery period 28 4°C) juvenile Asian yellow pond turtle ( Mauremys mutica ), widely farmed East Asia. contents malondialdehyde (MDA) liver muscle were not significantly affected or recovery. Of all antioxidant enzymes, only activity glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) muscles increased wave, while total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), capacity (T-AOC) did change during study. organo-somatic index for spleen M. decreased but initial level In contrast, plasma lysozyme serum complement C4 returning control addition, alter relative HSP60, HSP70, HSP90 liver. Eventually, slightly IBR/n index. Therefore, our results suggested that lead oxidative damage lipids , deleteriously turtles’ immune organs. Meanwhile, constitutive most antioxidative enzyme activities, HSPs enhanced blood functions might protect turtles from threat under climate scenarios.